ویدئو: سطح زبان یک فرد ۱۲-۱۱ ساله انگلیسی زبان (بالاتر از متوسط)

در چند نوشته قبلی، سه ویدئوی پربازدید که هر کدام میلیونها بار دیده شده‌اند را نگاه کردیم و به این بهانه تلاش کردیم درک کنیم که هر سطح از زبان انگلیسی، در عمل به چه معنی است.

ویدئوی تماس گرفتن یک پسر بچه ۳ ساله با اورژانس برای نجات پدر (سطح زیر A1 یا مبتدی)

ویدئوی گفتگوی دختر ۵ ساله و مادرش درباره خوردن گوشت حیوانات (سطح A1)

ویدئوی گفتگوی یک پسر ۷-۸ ساله با یک مرد ۶۴ ساله (سطح A2)

ویدئوی امروز کمی متفاوت است. هم طولانی‌تر است و هم سخت‌تر. و البته تلخ و تامل برانگیز. عنوان ویدئو این است:

Three Dying People Talk About Death

بارها هنگام صحبت از نظریه “ورودی قابل فهم برای یادگیری زبان” تاکید کرده‌ایم که محتوایی که می‌خوانیم و می‌شنویم و می‌بینیم، باید آنقدر جذاب باشد که ما را از فضای یادگیری زبان دور کند و درگیر محتوای آن کند.

از این نظر دیدن چنین ویدئوهایی که ما را احتمالاً درگیر و متاثر می‌کند و باعث می‌شود، زبان را فراموش کنیم، برای یادگیری زبان بسیار مفید هستند.

با این مقدمه، سراغ این ویدئو می‌رویم:

درک مطلب و شنیدن

اول تلاش کنید که بدون خواندن متن، صحبتها را متوجه شوید. چند بار ویدئو را ببینید و درک خودتان را از محتوای این ویدئو بنویسید. این درک باید هم در سطح جزئیات باشد (مانند اینکه لیلا در جواب سوال “Are you scared of dying” چه گفت) و هم در سطح کلیات (مانند فهمیدن کلیت صحبتهای برایان در این ویدئو)

مشخص کنید که دقیقاً کجا را متوجه نشدید؟ آن را هایلایت کنید. بعداً قرار است با خواندن متن ویدئو، این بخشها را بررسی کنیم.

درک مطلب و خواندن

هر وقت کارتان با گوش کردن تمام شد، سراغ خواندن بروید. دوباره ویدئو را پخش کنید اما این بار متن را هم بخوانید.

به ویژه روی بخشهایی که با شنیدن متوجه نشدید متمرکز شوید.

مطمئن شوید برداشت‌تان از بخشهایی که فکر می‌کنید با شنیدن متوجه شده‌اید درست بوده است. چون بسیار پیش می‌آید که احساس می‌کنیم جمله‌ای را درست شنیده‌ایم اما وقتی متن را آن می‌بینیم متوجه می‌شویم که برداشت مان درست نبوده.

Are you scared of dying?

I’m not scared about dying. I’m scared about leaving my family. The idea of not being there for my son when he needs me or being there for my wife, that’s what scares me.

[Music]

I’m Brian Hill.

My name is Layla

JJ Singleton.

JJ: How old are you? I’m 34.

Do you know why you’re here today? What we’re talking about?

We’re going to talk about death and having a chronic condition that limits my life.

Just kind of out of nowhere, my kidneys failed and ended up in the hospital with end-stage renal disease.

Six years ago, I was diagnosed with colon cancer and a year later it came back and spread throughout my body and they told me it was a terminal diagnosis and incurable.

Are you dying? Yes.

I would say yes.

So, Parkinson’s doesn’t kill you but the symptoms of it can lead to earlier death.

When did you first find out? I was 27 years old. I was going to college and started losing my vision, going blind and that’s when I ended up in the hospital and by that point, I had about five percent function left in my kidneys and then was really, really lucky and had a transplant and was doing really well and then unfortunately started rejecting.

I continue to fight, get chemo treatments but

why get the chemo treatment?

Because I’m not ready to die yet. There’s a lot left to do and a lot of people I believe I can help.

When you first found out that you had Parkinson’s how did it feel in that moment?

It’s a heavy question. I think leading up to my diagnosis, I knew I had Parkinson’s. My mom had it and the moment I was diagnosed, it was almost a relief. As weird as that sounds, knowing what’s going on with your body is better than not knowing.

I was losing an extreme amount of weight. I couldn’t use the bathroom and then my at the end my skin was turning gray is when my mom made me go to the doctor.

When you found out were you angry?

I was. It’s like a sense of desperation or it was kind of just like a freeze you know it was that disassociation of like how could this be happening to me I’m young I’m supposed to have my whole life ahead of me and you know if I didn’t go into the hospital I think when I did I may have not lasted more than like another week.

There are times where I’m very angry and that anger is it’s terrifying. It’s terrific. It’s so terrifying I push it away.

Is that good to push it away? No it’s not and as you can see as we’re talking I’m becoming more dyskinetic because that stress from the anger is coming up. I’m sorry. No it’s good. It’s good.

Do you feel like you’re dying? Some days I really do like some days my body feels like it’s just rejecting and falling apart. That’s the days where I really feel like it’s still controlling my life and don’t have that much time left.

My body is working really really hard just to keep up with the normalcy of what life is.

What does it feel like?

Closest way I can describe it as the worse your body’s ever felt after like a physical activity mix it with having the worst flu you’ve ever had and that’s just the very tip of the iceberg

it feels like shit. So like if you work out real hard and the next day you wake up and you’re achy it’s like that times almost a hundred. Over the last seven years I’ve had many many bouts of wanting to give up.

At one point I was very close to calling it quits and just committing suicide and luckily I was had some very good friends that helped me see that I do have a purpose but even still with family and friends helping me there’s days where it’s like don’t know if this life is worth it sometimes.

Do you feel like you live your life differently now?

Yes I do not take things for granted. I try to live in the moment.

I try to look at it as a blessing and knowing that I was given a lens to look in through different than most.

I don’t take the little things for granted like such as getting up to pick up my son. Those moments when I’m able to do that I appreciate them so much more.

Has it affected your sex life?

When I was on dialysis it did because your kidneys are kind of part of your like your sexual qi I’d say now it hasn’t at all. I tell them you know that I’m immunosuppressed and that you know we just need to be really careful. I make sure that they get tested.

How has cancer affected your sex life?

Very very much so like is a virtually non-existent so there were there was there’s stages where it’s just like it don’t enter my mind at all for weeks.

It takes a little bit more thought process like hey we’re gonna do it an hour take your medication

which makes it so romantic

oh yeah like hey baby I stick my pill half hour it’s go damn.

Are you scared?

Not anymore I was when I was diagnosed but I’ve came to terms with it. Whenever it happens it’s gonna happen.

Are you scared of dying?

I’m not scared about dying I’m scared about leaving my family. The idea of not being there for my son when he needs me or being there for my wife that’s what scares me.

Suffering you know no one wants to suffer.

Have you done everything that you wanted to do?

No like I’m not afraid to die but I still want to travel I want to impact more people in the cancer community with my story I want to help better people’s lives really

no I haven’t done everything I want to do. I want to raise my son I want to watch him grow up I want to be there for my life and to know that there may become a time where I can’t show up for my family those are the moments where I think I have it. I worry about dying early.

What do you think it will feel like?

I hope it’s painless. I hope it’s you know kind of slipping into the void.

It’s gonna feel like an escape.

Is that a good feeling?

I think it will be.

The way this condition works I mean eventually I will lose control of my body and I will be a prisoner in my body so I think that time when I do die I will feel like I’m being set free from a body that had failed me.

When you pass what are the plans?

No no I like the idea of doing like a end-of-life party and I’ve told you know I’ve always been very open about what my wishes are when I die you know I want to be cremated and made into a tree.

Have you made plans?

They will definitely involve being cremated and some kind of big dramatic goofy gesture.

Who’s not invited?

If you have an opinion of me or I’ve made an impact in your life good or bad you’re more than welcome because by that point I’m not going to hold anything against you.

What assholes is going to be happy or dead I don’t think anyone and I don’t know if that’s me being just like hopefully not full of myself

oh man who’s gonna be happy I’m dead I mean probably someone who’s just looking to take my spot and be with my wife.

Do you think about that?

Not until now

I’m sorry

I don’t know I don’t have people that would just be like I hate him I’m glad he’s dead but if there is out there at least I’ll make his day.

What’s one thing you’re gonna miss when you’re gone?

You know just sensation right we get to we get to eat and feel and hug and have these emotions that are so moving and you know that’s all going to be gone when when you’re no longer here.

People, just the experiences that you have with different people that’s one of the best feelings that you could ever have just randomly somebody comes into your life changes it and makes you truly feel like you’re special and they’re special.

Who are you going to miss the most when you’re gone?

I’m going to miss sex that’s for damn sure.

No in seriousness I’m going to miss living.

I think it’s something that we take for granted and with Parkinson’s little aspects of living are taken away from me as the disease progresses so I think in a way this sounds horrible but in a way I’m kind of dying slowly. I’ve never put it in that language but when I do it sounds awful.

I started with are you dying and you said no but then you said

I don’t know if I’m I’m not dying I’m just losing my ability to live. Yeah take advantage of it life isn’t guaranteed to any of us.

Yeah thanks for giving me that perspective I appreciate that.

پس از تمام شدن این بخش، دو بخش زیر را مشخص کنید:

• بخشهایی که با خواندن متوجه شدید (یعنی تمام جملات آن را بلد بودید) اما هنگام شنیدن متوجه آن نشدید. اگر در شنیدن ضعف داشته باشید، بخش قابل توجهی از متن را فقط با خواندن متوجه می‌شوید.
• بخشهایی که با خواندن هم آن را متوجه نشدید. این مورد غالباً به بلد نبودن برخی از کلمات، ضعف در گرامر و درک مطلب مربوط به می‌شود.

سطح زبان یک کودک ۱۰-۱۱ ساله

این متن و ویدئو، در سطح B1 بود. سطحی که غالب افرادی که سالها زبان خوانده‌اند در آن متوقف می‌شوند، در نتیجه با شنیدن یا خواندن آن، بخش قابل توجهی از محتوای آن را متوجه نمی‌شود.

اما اگر یک کودک ۱۰-۱۱ ساله انگلیسی آن را ببیند، محتوای آن را تقریباً کامل متوجه می‌شود.

وقتی می‌گوییم، این ویدئو در سطح B1 است یعنی غالب آن در بخش A1 و سپس A2 است اما بخش مهمی از آن هم در بخش B1 است. و بخش کمی از آن ممکن است بالاتر از B1 باشد اما بدون فهمیدن این بخش چهارم (بالاتر از B1) می‌توان آن را به خوبی متوجه شد.

سطح کلمات:

• A1: 50% (مانند “scared”, “family”, “my”, “name”, “son”)

این کلماتی هستند که در زندگی روزمره بیشترین استفاده را دارند مانند افعال ساده، صفات پایه‌ای و کلمات ربط

Sure! Here are 10 words from the provided text classified by their CEFR levels:

1. scared
2. dying
3. family
4. name
5. son
6. old
7. talk
8. fight
9. good
10. hard

• A2: 25% (مانند “diagnosed”, “condition”, “transplant”)

اینها کلمات سطح بالاتری هستند که برای توضیح موضوعاتی مانند سلامتی و احساسات به آنها نیاز داریم.

1. leaving
2. needs
3. chronic
4. condition
5. limits
6. hospital
7. cancer
8. terminal
9. angry
10. friend

• B1: 15% (مانند terminal”, “chemo”, “community”)

1. diagnosis
2. incurable
3. symptoms
4. extreme
5. transplant
6. rejecting
7. desperation
8. stress
9. purpose
10. treatments

کلمات انتزاعی و کلمات مربوط به پزشکی و بدن که در این ویدئو داشتیم، در این دسته جای می‌گیرند.

• B2: 10% (مانند “Parkinson’s”, “immunosuppressed”, “disassociation”)

1. dialysis
2. immunosuppressed
3. Parkinson’s
5. committing
6. terrified
7. dramatic
8. sensation
9. disassociation
10. terminal

کلمات تخصصی‌تر مانند کلمات مربوط به پزشکی و تجربه درونی ما جز کلمات سخت و پیشرفته انگلیسی محسوب می‌شوند.

سطح گرامر (جملات):

• A1: 40%

جملات ساده با ساختارهای ساده‌ای مانند افعال to be ساخته می‌شوند.

1. Are you scared of dying?
2. I’m Brian Hill.
3. My name is Layla.
4. JJ Singleton.
5. JJ: How old are you? I’m 34.
6. I continue to fight, get chemo treatments but
7. It’s good. It’s good.
8. I’m not scared about dying.
9. My name is Layla.
10. I try to live in the moment.

• A2: 30%

جملات مرکب مانند جملات زیر که به کمک کلازها و کلمات ربط ترکیب می‌شوند، در سطح A2 جای می‌گیرند.

1. I’m not scared about dying, I’m scared about leaving my family.
2. The idea of not being there for my son when he needs me or being there for my wife, that’s what scares me.
3. Do you know why you’re here today? What we’re talking about?
4. We’re going to talk about death and having a chronic condition that limits my life.
5. Six years ago, I was diagnosed with colon cancer and a year later it came back and spread throughout my body and they told me it was a terminal diagnosis and incurable.
6. So, Parkinson’s doesn’t kill you but the symptoms of it can lead to earlier death.
7. When did you first find out? I was 27 years old.
8. I was losing an extreme amount of weight.
9. I couldn’t use the bathroom and then my at the end my skin was turning gray is when my mom made me go to the doctor.
10. Because I’m not ready to die yet. There’s a lot left to do and a lot of people I believe I can help.

• B1: 20%

جملات پیچیده با چند کلاز یا کلمه ربط، مانند جملات زیر، مربوط به سطح B1 هستند:

1. Just kind of out of nowhere, my kidneys failed and ended up in the hospital with end-stage renal disease.
2. It’s a heavy question. I think leading up to my diagnosis, I knew I had Parkinson’s.
3. My mom had it and the moment I was diagnosed, it was almost a relief.
4. Knowing what’s going on with your body is better than not knowing.
5. At one point I was very close to calling it quits and just committing suicide and luckily I was had some very good friends that helped me see that I do have a purpose.
6. Yes I do not take things for granted. I try to live in the moment.
7. I try to look at it as a blessing and knowing that I was given a lens to look in through different than most.
8. When I was on dialysis it did because your kidneys are kind of part of your like your sexual qi I’d say now it hasn’t at all.
9. Not anymore I was when I was diagnosed but I’ve came to terms with it. Whenever it happens it’s gonna happen.
10. If you have an opinion of me or I’ve made an impact in your life good or bad you’re more than welcome because by that point I’m not going to hold anything against you.

• B2: 10%

جملات طولانی‌تر، پیشرفته‌تر با چندین کلاز و کلمه ربط، جملات سخت و پیشرفته‌ای در سطح B2 هستند:

1. I started with are you dying and you said no but then you said I don’t know if I’m I’m not dying I’m just losing my ability to live.
2. It’s like a sense of desperation or it was kind of just like a freeze you know it was that disassociation of like how could this be happening to me I’m young I’m supposed to have my whole life ahead of me and you know if I didn’t go into the hospital I think when I did I may have not lasted more than like another week.
3. There are times where I’m very angry and that anger is it’s terrifying. It’s terrific. It’s so terrifying I push it away.
4. Do you feel like you’re dying? Some days I really do like some days my body feels like it’s just rejecting and falling apart.

تمرین

بر اساس حس‌تان، یکی از این سه نفر را انتخاب کنید و تمرین خواندن با ذره‌بین را برای صحبتهای او انجام دهید.